直線(xian)(xian)導軌(gui)(gui)(gui)又稱線(xian)(xian)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)、滑軌(gui)(gui)(gui)、線(xian)(xian)性(xing)導軌(gui)(gui)(gui)、線(xian)(xian)性(xing)滑軌(gui)(gui)(gui)，用于高(gao)(gao)精或高(gao)(gao)速直線(xian)(xian)往復運(yun)動場合，且可以承擔一定(ding)的扭矩，可在高(gao)(gao)負載的情況下實(shi)現高(gao)(gao)精度的直線(xian)(xian)運(yun)動。

直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)運動(dong)的作用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來支撐和(he)引導(dao)(dao)運動(dong)部件(jian)，按給定(ding)的方(fang)向做往復直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)運動(dong)。　直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)軸承主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在自動(dong)化機械上比較多,像直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)主要(yao)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在精度(du)要(yao)求比較高的機械結構上,直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)的移動(dong)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)和(he)固定(ding)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)之間不用(yong)(yong)(yong)中間介質，而(er)(er)用(yong)(yong)(yong)滾動(dong)鋼球(qiu)。可以理解為是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)滾動(dong)導(dao)(dao)引，是(shi)由鋼珠在滑(hua)塊跟(gen)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)之間無限滾動(dong)循環， 從而(er)(er)使負載平(ping)臺沿著導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)輕(qing)易(yi)的高精度(du)線(xian)(xian)(xian)性運動(dong)，并將(jiang)摩擦系數降至平(ping)常傳統滑(hua)動(dong)導(dao)(dao)引的五十分之一(yi)，能輕(qing)易(yi)地達到很高的定(ding)位精度(du)。滑(hua)塊跟(gen)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)間末(mo)制單元(yuan)(yuan)設計(ji)，使線(xian)(xian)(xian)形導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)同(tong)時承受上下(xia)左右等各方(fang)向的負荷，回流系統及精簡化的結構設計(ji)讓(rang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)性導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)有更平(ping)順且低噪音的運動(dong)。

滑塊-使(shi)運動由曲(qu)線轉變(bian)為直(zhi)線。

直(zhi)線導(dao)軌主要(yao)是用(yong)在精度要(yao)求比較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)結構上(shang),直(zhi)線導(dao)軌的(de)移(yi)動(dong)元件(jian)和固定元件(jian)之間不用(yong)中(zhong)間介(jie)質，而用(yong)滾動(dong)鋼(gang)(gang)球(qiu)。因為(wei)滾動(dong)鋼(gang)(gang)球(qiu)適應于高速運動(dong)、摩(mo)擦系數小、靈敏度高，滿足運動(dong)部件(jian)的(de)工作要(yao)求，被(bei)廣(guang)泛應用(yong)在自動(dong)化(hua)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)上(shang)比較(jiao)(jiao)多,像磨床、銑(xian)床、車床、檢測儀器設備、木工機(ji)(ji)械(xie)、搬運機(ji)(ji)械(xie)、傳送(song)裝置、自動(dong)化(hua)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)、半導(dao)體機(ji)(ji)械(xie)、包裝機(ji)(ji)械(xie)、機(ji)(ji)械(xie)手臂(bei)、自動(dong)化(hua)機(ji)(ji)床、激光行業(ye)、汽車制(zhi)造、新(xin)能(neng)源等行業(ye)。